اثر سیلیسیم و اسید هیومیک بر برخی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیک فلفل دلمه‌ای (capsicum annuum L.) در سطوح مختلف شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای، بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

2 هیات علمی

3 بخش علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

4 استادیار بخش علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

تنش شوری، از مهم‌ترین عوامل محدود کننده‌ی رشد و توسعه‌ی گیاهان در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک محسوب می‌شود. برای کشت گیاه در این مناطق می‌توان با بهره‌گیری از روش‌هایی از کاهش عملکرد جلوگیری کرد. یکی از این روش‌ها، استفاده از محرک‌های رشد می‌باشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر مصرف ‌اسید هیومیک و سیلیسیم بر رشد گیاه فلفل‌ دلمه‌ای در سطوح مختلف شوری بود. این آزمایش در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده‌ی‌کشاورزی دانشگاه ‌شیراز در سال 1398 به انجام رسید. تیمار با آب شور در 4 سطح 0، 1/7، 3/4 و 5/1 دسی زیمنس برمتردر طی دوره رشد به گلدان‌ها افزوده شد و از تیمارهای ‌اسید هیومیک و سیلیسیم و کاربرد همزمان این دو برای کاهش اثرات شوری استفاده شد. اسید هیومیک در دو نوبت، هر نوبت 0/5گرم در کیلوگرم خاک به صورت خاکی اضافه گردید، سیلیسیم نیز به صورت محلول‌پاشی از منبع سیلیکات‌ پتاسیم با غلظت 1% اعمال شد. نتایج به­دست آمده از این مطالعه نشان داد که سطح 5/1 دسی زیمنس برمترشوری سبب کاهش 63% وزن خشک گیاه شد و درمیان تیمارهای بهبود دهنده، تنها اسید هیومیک توانست با 55% افزایش در زیست توده گیاه اثر معنی داری ایجاد کند. شوری همچنین سبب افزایش غلظت سدیم، کلسیم و منیزیم درگیاه شد، به این صورت که سطح شوری 5/1 دسی زیمنس برمترنسبت به شاهد، به ترتیب سبب افزایش 750%، 176% و 101% غلظت این عناصر شد. نتایج به دست آمده در خصوص تیمارهای بهبود دهنده نشان داد که کاربرد همزمان اسید هیومیک و سیلیسیم سبب افزایش 76% غلظت سدیم در گیاه و تیمار هیومیک سبب کاهش 28% غلظت کلسیم ریشه شد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق، تیمار اسید هیومیک بیشتر از تیمار سیلیسیم و نیز کاربرد همزمان اسید هیومیک و سیلیسیم توانست اثر­های شوری را بیشترکاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Silicon and Humic Acid on Some Physiological Responses in Bell Pepper at Different Salinity Levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • , Mohamad Kazem Dehghani 1
  • Reza Ghasemi-Fasaei 2
  • Sedigheh Safarzadeh Shirazi 3
  • Mohammad Etemadi 4
1 PhD candidate, Department of Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 faculty member
3 Department of Soil Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Salinity stress is one of the most critical causes restricting plant growth and development in arid and semi-arid regions. It is possible to use strategies to prevent plant yield loss in these areas. One of these strategies is the use of growth stimulants. The purpose of this study was to look into the influence of humic acid and silicon consumption on bell pepper growth under different salinity levels. This experiment was carried out in the research greenhouse of the School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, in 2019. Salinity treatment as saline water had conductivities of 0, 1.7, 3.4 and 5.1 dS.m-1 and were added to the plants during the growth, while humic acid, silicon, and the simultaneous application of these two were applied to reduce the effects of salinity. Humic acid was added twice, each time 0.5 grams per kilogram of soil, and silicon was applied as a foliar spray from a source of potassium silicate with a concentration of 1%. According to the results, level 5.1 dS.m-1 of salinity decreased 63% of shoot dry weight, compared to the control. Among the stimulant growth treatments, only humic acid showed a significant effect on increased plant biomass and caused 55% increase in the dry weight of shoots and roots. Salinity significantly increased the concentration of sodium, calcium, and magnesium in the plant, resulting in 750% sodium, 176% calcium, and 101% higher magnesium for 5.1 dS.m-1 level of salinity compared to the control. The findings of the treatments revealed that each treatment generated changes in several plant features, for example, the simultaneous application of humic acid and silicon caused 76% increase in sodium concentration in the plant, and humic acid treatments caused 28% decrease in root calcium concentration. According to the results of this research, humic acid improved more than silicon treatment, and the simultaneous application of humic acid and silicon could reduce the effects of salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth stimulants
  • Organic matter
  • Salinity stress
  • Water salinity

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 38، شماره 2
شهریور 1403
صفحه 181-195

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