تعیین سهم نسبی کاربری اراضی در تولید رسوب با استفاده از شاخص‌های هوازدگی در حوضه آبخیز چهل چای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید

2 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران،

3 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی ، تهران، ایران

10.22092/ijsr.2024.366332.752

چکیده

مسأله­ی مهم و قابل توجه در پژوهش‌های کاربردی برای مدیریت حوزه‌های آبخیز، آگاهی از چگونگی فرآیند تولید رسوب حوضه­های آبخیز است. در دو دهه­ی اخیر، منشأیابی رسوب به عنوان یک روش مناسب برای تعیین منابع رسوب استفاده می­شود. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی سهم انواع منابع سطحی(جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی و باغ) و زیرسطحی(کناره آبراهه) در تولید رسوب با استفاده از تکنیک منشأیابی رسوب با کاربرد شاخص های هوازدگی در حوزه آبخیز چهل­چای استان گلستان بود. برای این منظور، در مرحله­ی اول، نمونه رسوب معلق طی هشت رخداد سیلاب در بازه­ی زمانی بهمن 1399 تا فروردین 1400 برداشته شد. شاخص های هوازدگی بر اساس غلظت ردیاب­های ژئوشیمیایی محاسبه شد. پس از آزمون‌های دامنه، کروسکال-والیس و تحلیل تشخیص،  شاخص تغییر شیمیایی (CPA)، نسبت آ ال کا(ALK)، شاخص منیزیوم (MgIndex)، شاخص بی ای1(ba1) و شاخص کالمگ (CALMAG Index) که بالاترین درصد توان تفکیک­پذیری را داشتند برای تعیین سهم منابع تولید رسوب انتخاب شدند.  نتایج اجرای مدل منشأیابی در حوضه آبخیز چهل چای نشان داد که در بین منابع سطحی و زیرسطحی، کاربری کشاورزی، 6/88% کل رسوب را تولید می­کند. سهم سایر کاربری­ها به ترتیب مرتع(1/4%)، باغ(3/2%) و آبراهه 5% بود. با آگاهی از سهم بالای زمین های کشاورزی در تولید رسوب، طراحی و اجرای عملیات حفاظت خاک  متناسب با موقعیت منطقه، امری ضروری به شمار می­آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the Relative Contribution of Land Use in Sediment Yield by Using Weathering Indices in Chehl Chay Watershed

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeedeh Jalali 1
  • Kazem Nosrati 2
  • Shahram Bahrami 3
1 Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Earth sceince Science, University of Shaheid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Physical Geography, Earth science Science, University of Shaheid Beheshti, Tehran
3 Department of Physical Geography, Earth sceince Science, University of Shaheid Beheshti, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

A significant issue in applied research for the management of watersheds is to know the integrated sediment yield process in watershed. In the recent decades, sediment fingerprinting method was proven as one of the key methods for determining contribution of sediment proportion. This study's purpose was to determine the relative source contribution of surface (forest, pasture, agriculture and gardening) and sub-surface (bank erosion) in sediment yield by using weathering indices in Chehel-Chaye Catchment, Golestan Province, Iran. In eight flood events, suspended sediment sampling was done in March to April 2021.  Thirty-six weathering indices were calculated. After Bracket, Kruskal-Wallis, and Discernment Function Analysis, CPA,ALK, MgIndex, ba1, CALMAG Index  had the highest discernment percentage in all of the tracers. Based on Bayesian mixing model, the highest proportion of suspended sediment was produced by agricultural land (88/6%), followed by pasture (4/1%), forest (2/3%), and bank erosion(5%) of the suspended sediment. Thus, knowing the high contribution of agriculture in sediment yield, it is necessary to design and implement soil conservation operations according to the location of the watershed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sediment tracing
  • Soil conservation
  • Soil erosion
  • Geo-chemical tracers

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 38، شماره 3
آذر 1403
صفحه 287-304

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