Effects of Water Stress on Nitrogen Consumption and Growth Parameters of Corn in Line Source Sprinkler Irrigation

Authors

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the effects of water stress on nitrogen and growth parameters of corn in a line source sprinkler irrigation system.  For this purpose, effects of four levels of 0, 90, 180, and 270 kg N/ha from urea source and four level of irrigation water (6400, 7500, 8800 and 9500 m3.ha-1, I1, I2, I3, I4, respectively) in minimum tillage system were investigated by using a split-block design. In this tillage system, a combined cultivator was used and all tillage and cultivation operations were performed in one step. The results showed that the main effects of irrigation treatments on plant height, stem diameter, fresh yield, concentration and total uptake of nitrogen were significant at (P <0.01) levels. Nitrogen application also had significant effects (P <0.01) on plant height, fresh yield, moisture content of plants at harvest time, and total uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Overall, the results showed that: 1) corn production was highly dependent on the amount of water used such that, at each level of nitrogen, reducing the amount of water reduced the yield, 2) the effectiveness of nitrogen depended on the amount of irrigation water, 3) the highest dry foliage yield was obtained from application of I1N270 treatment, and 4) there was no significant difference between I1N270 and some treatments such as I3N180 treatment (application of 180 kg nitrogen and 7,500 m3 irrigation water per hectare) and I2N90, therefore, in water scarcity condition and for similar areas, this treatment is recommended.

Keywords

References

  1. امامی‌، ع.‌ 1375. روش‌های‌ تجزیة‌ گیاه‌. نشریه‌ فنی‌ شماره‌ 982. موسسة‌ تحقیقات‌ خاک‌ و آب‌، تهران، ایران، 128 صفحه.
  2. سپهری، ع.، مدرس ثانوی، س. ع. م.، قره یاضی، ب. و یمینی، ی. 1381. تأثیر تنش آب و مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن بر مراحل رشد و تکامل، عملکرد و اجزا عملکرد ذرت. مجله علوم زراعی ایران، جلد چهارم، شماره 3، 201-184.
  3. طریق الاسلام، م.، ضرغامی، ر.، مشهدی اکبر بوجار، م.، و اویسی، م. تأثیر تنش خشکی و مقادیرکود نیتروژن بر شاخص های فیزیولوژیک ذرت دانه­ای. مجله زارعت و اصلاح نباتات، جلد 8، 174-161.
  4. علی‌احیایی، م. و ع. ا. بهبهانی زاده. 1373. شرح روش‌های تجزیة شیمیایی خاک، جلد 1، نشریه شماره 893. موسسة تحقیقات خاک و آب تهران، ایران، 128 صفحه.
  5. علی‌زاده، پ.، فلاح، س. و رئیسی، ف. 1391. برهمکنش منبع نیتروژن و تنش خشکی در مرحله گلدهی ذرت بر جذب و کارایی نیتروژن و فسفر . نشریه آب و خاک، جلد 26، شماره 5، 1199-1190.
  6. مجیدیان، م. قلاوند، ا.، کریمیان، ن. وکامکار حقیقی، ع. ا. تأثیر مقادیر مختلف نیتروژن، کود دامی و آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت. مجله الکترونیک تولید گیاهان زراعی. دوره اول، شماره 2. 85-67.
  7. Alcozn, F., M. Hozn, and V.A. Haby. 1993. Nitrogen fertilization timing effect on wheat production, nitrogen uptake efficiency, and residual soil nitrogen. Agronomy Journal. 85:1198-1203.
  8. Azizian, A., and Sepaskhah, A. R. 2014. Maize response to different water, salinity and nitrogen levels: agronomic behavior. International Journal of Plant Production 8 (1),107-130.
  9. Bahadar, K. M., M. Arif, and M. A. Khan. 2007. Effect of tillage and Zinc application methods on weeds and yield of maize. Pakistan Journal Botany, 39: 1583-1591.
  10. Bulman, P., and D.L. Smith. 1993. Yield and yield and components response of spring barley to fertilizer nitrogen. Agronomy Journal. 85: 226-231.
  11. Engel, R. 1997. Response of oat to water and nitrogen. Fertilizer Ffacts, 15:1-2.
  12. Gheysari, M., S.M. Mirlatifi, M. Bannayan, M. Homaee, and G. Hoogenboom. 2010. Interaction of water and nitrogen on maize grown for silage. Agricultural Water Management. 97: 1411-1710.
  13. Guttieri, M. J., J. C. Stark, K. Brien, and E. Souza. 2001. Relative sensitivity of spring wheat grain yield and quality parameters to moisture deficit. Crop Science, 41: 327-335.
  14. Haefele, S. M., S.M.A. Jabba, J.D.L.C. S.M.A., Siopongco, A. J.D.L.C., Tirol-Padre, A., S.T. Amarante, P.C. S.T., StaCruz, P.C. and W.C. Cosico., W.C. 2008.Nitrogen use efficiency in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under different water regimes and nitrogen levels. Field Crops Research. 107: 137-146.
  15. Hanks, R. J., J., Keller, V.P. Rasmussen, and B.D. Wilson. 1976. Line source sprinkler for continious variable irrigation crop production studies. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 40:426-429.
  16. Hao, X., C. Chang, and C. W. Lindwall. 2001. Tillage and crop sequence effects on organic carbon and total nitrogen content in an irrigated Alberta soil. Soil and Tillage Research. 62: 167-169.
  17. Hill, R.W., R., Newhall, A., Brain, and N., Sheridan. 2000. Grass pastures response to water and nitrogen. Utah State University Extension, USA.
  18. Izaurralde, R.C., Y., Feng, J.A., Robertson, W.B., McGill, N.G., Juma, and B.M., Olson. 1995. Long-term influence of cropping system, tillage method, and nitrogen source on nitrate leaching. Candian Journal of Soil Science. 75:497-505.
  19. Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press London.233p.
  20. Mose, S. B., B., Feil, S., Jampatong, and P., Stamp. 2006. Effects of pre-anthesis drought, nitrogen fertilizer rate, and variety on grain yield, yield components, and harvest index of tropical maize. Agricultural Water Management. 81: 41-58.
  21. Paolo, E.D., and M., Rinaldi. 2008. Yield response of corn to irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in a Mediterranean environment. Field Crops Research. 105: 202-210.
  22. Papadopoulos, I. 1992. Fertigation of vegetables in plastic houses present situation and future prospects. Acta Horticulture. 233,: 151-179.
  23. Patil, S.L. and M. N. Sheelavantar. 2006. Soil water conservation and yield of winter sorghum as influenced by tillage, organic materials and nitrogen fertilizer in semi-arid tropical India. Soil and Tillage Res., 89: 246-257.
  24. Roberts, K, D.D., Howard, C.O., Gwathmey, and D.E., Sleigh. 1999. Economics of broadcast and injected nitrogen on no-till cotton produced at three locations in Tennessee. The Journal of Cotton Science. 3:109-115.
  25. Soon, Y.K., and M.A., Arshad. 2005. Tillage and liming effects on crop and labile soil nitrogen in an acid soil. Soil and Tillage Research. 80: 23-33.
  26. Timothy, W. and Joe, E. 2003. Rice tertilization. Mississippi Agricultural and forestry Experiment station. No: 1341: 1-4.
  27. Zorita, M. D. 2000. Effect of deep-tillage and nitrogen fertilization interactions on dry land corn productivity. Soil and Tillage Research. 54:11-19.
  28. Zotarelli, L., M.D., Dukes, J.M.S., Scholberg, R., Muñoz-Carpena, and L., Icerman. 2009. Tomato nitrogen accumulation and fertilizer use efficiency on a sandy soil, as affected by nitrogen rate and irrigation scheduling. Agricultural Water Management. 96- 8: 1247-1258.
Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 30, Issue 2
August 2016
Pages 125-135

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics