Effects of Soil Characteristics on Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Wheat Fields of Khorasan Razavi Province

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professo, Soil and Water Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran

2 Plant Nutrition SuperPlant Nutrition Supervisor, Jihad-e-Agriculture of Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iranvisor

Abstract

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is a critically important indicator for judging the wise use of N fertilizer in crops. It can be affected by management factors or soil properties. This study was conducted to estimate NUE in wheat based on large scale fields (20 wheat farms) trials and determining the role of soil factors, in Khorasan Razavi province. Two levels of N as urea (0 and conventional) were applied in each of the fields. In the fields, grain yield (conventional) was divided into low yield population (LYP, GY< 5 Mg ha-1) and high yield population (HYP, GY ≥ 5 Mg ha-1) categories. Then, apparent recovery efficiency (ARE), physiological efficiency (PE), agronomic efficiency (AE) and Partial Factor Productivity (PFP) were calculated for N in both yield populations. The results showed that nitrogen efficiency indices in both yield populations were much lower than optimum level. However, AE (8.2 kg/kg), ARE (25%), and PFP (46 kg /kg) in the HYP were more than in the LYP, but there was no difference between PE in both yield populations. There was a significant correlation between AE and soil organic carbon (r = -0.97, P <0.01,   also ARE with soil organic carbon (r = -0.82, P<0.05) and soil clay content (r = 0.68, P <0.05) for LYP in contrast to the HYP). While PFP exhibited positive correlation with soil organic carbon (r = 0.86, P <0.01) and negative correlation with soil electrical conductivity (r = -0.77, P <0.05) for LYP, this relationship was weaker with soil organic carbon in HYP. None of soil factors had a significant effect on PE. These results show that soil factors such as organic carbon, salinity, and clay content of soil had a decisive role in AE, ARE, and PFP in the LYP. In contrast, soil factors had no effect on nitrogen efficiency indices in the HYP (with the exception of the effect of soil organic carbon on PFP).

Keywords

References

  1. توکلی­کاخکی ح­ ر.، نصیری­محلاتی، م.، کوچکی، ع.، جهان، م و بهشتی، س. ع. 1397. ارزیابی کارایی مصرف نیترو‍ژن در نظام‌های زراعی تولید گندم. بوم شناسی کشاورزی، جلد 10، شماره 3، صفحه 718-699.
  2. رحیمی­زاده م؛ زارع فیض­آبادی ا و کاشانی ع. 1390. کارآیی زراعی نیتروژن در تناوب های زراعی دو گانه گندم تحت تاثیر کود نیتروژنه و برگشت بقایای محصول. نشریه پژوهشهای زراعی ایران. جلد 9، شماره2، صفحه 221-211.
  3. کشاورز پ. 1392. راهبردهای مدیریتی برای افزایش کارایی مصرف نیتروژن در ایران. مجله علمی ترویجی مدیریت اراضی، جلد 1، شماره 1، صفحه 54-47.
  4. کشاورز پ؛ زنگی آبادی م و عباس زاده م. 1392. تأثیر میزان رس و شوری خاک بر رابطه کربن آلی خاک با عملکرد گندم. مجله پژوهش­های خاک، جلد 27 شماره 3، صفحه 271-259.
  5. مدحج ع؛ نادری ا؛ امام ی؛ آینه­ بند ا و نورمحمدی، ق. 1388. اثر سطوح نیتروژن بر عملکرد دانه، محتوی پروتئین دانه و کارایی زراعی نیتروژن در ژنوتیپ­های گندم در دو شرایط بهینه و تنش گرمای پس از گرده افشانی. مجله به­زراعی نهال و بذر، جلد 25 شماره 4، صفحه 371-353.
  6. مشیری ف؛ شهابی ع. ا؛  کشاورز پ؛ خوگر ز؛ فیضی اصل و؛ طهرانی م م؛  اسدی رحمانی ه؛ سماوات س؛ غیبی م ن؛  سدری م ح؛  رشیدی ن؛ سعادت س و خادمی ز. 1393. دستورالعمل مدیریت تلفیقی حاصلخیزی خاک و تغذیه گندم. نشریه فنی. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب. 73 صفحه.
  7. ملکوتی م ج؛ کشاورز پ و کریمیان ن ع. 1387.روش جامع تشخیص و توصیه بهینه کود برای کشاورزی پایدار. چاپ اول. انتشارات دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، 550 صفحه.
  8. Alvarez, R., Alvarez, C.R., and Steinbach, H.S. 2002. Association between soil organic matter and wheat yield in Humid Pampa of Argentina. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 33: 749–757
  9. Aulakh, M.S., Rennie, D. A., and Paul, E.A. 1982. Gaseous nitrogen losses from cropped and summer fallowed soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 62:187–195.
  10. Benbi, D.K., and  Chand, M. 2007. Quantifying the effect of soil organic matter on indigenous soil N supply and wheat productivity in semiarid subtropical India. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 79:103-112.
  11. Cassman, K.G., Dobermann, A., and Walters, D.T. 2002. Agroecosystems, nitrogen-use efficiency, and nitrogen management. Ambio: A Journal of the Human Environment 31: 132-140.
  12. Chapman, H. D. 1965. Cation exchange capacity. p. 891-901. In C.A. Black et al., (eds.) Methods of Soil Analysis. No. 9.  American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI.
  13. Clifford, S. 2017. Enhanced nitrogen fertiliser technologies support the ‘4R’ concept to optimise crop production and minimise environmental losses. Soil Research 55: 463-472.
  14. Craswell, E.T., and Godwin, E.T. 1984. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers applied to cereals in different climates. p. 1–55. In P.B. Tinker, A. Lauchli (eds.), Advances in Plant Nutrition, Volume 1. Praeger Publishers, New York.
  15. Dobermann, A. 2005. Nitrogen use efficiency-state of the art. In “Proceedings of the International Workshop on Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilizers”,Frankfurt,Germany.International Fertilizer Industry Association, Paris.
  16. Dobermann,  A. 2006. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Systems. Proceedings of the 13th  ASA Conference, 10-14 September, Perth, Western Australia.
  17. Dobermann, A. 2007. Nutrient use efficiency-measurement and management. p.1-28. In Fertilizer Best Management Practices. Proceedings of IFA International Workshop, 7-9 March. 2007. Brussels, Belgium.
  18. Dobermann, A., and Cassman, K.G. 2002. Plant nutrient management for enhanced productivity in intensive grain production systems of the United States and Asia. Plant and Soil. 247: 153-175.
  19. Fageria, N.K., and Baligar, V.C.  2005. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants.  Advances in Agronomy. 88: 97-185.
  20. FAO. 2005. Fertilizer use by crop in the Islamic Republic of Iran. First version, FAO Land and Plant Nutrition Management Service, Rome, Italy.
  21. Gabarron-Galeote, M.A., Trigale, S., and van Wesemeal, B. 2015. Soil organic carbon evolution after land abandonment along a precipitation gradient in southern Spain. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 199:114-123.
  22. Gan, Y., Malhi, S.S., Brandt, S., Katepa-Mupondwa, F., and Stevanson, C. 2008. Nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen uptake of  juncea Canola under diverse environments. Agronomy Journal. 100: 285-295.
  23. Gee, G.H., and Bauder, J.W. 1986. Particle size analysis. p. 383-411. In A. Klute (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1 Physical and Mineralogical Methods, Agronomy Monograph No. 9, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI.
  24. Haile, D., Nigussie, D., and Ayana, A. 2012. Nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat: Effects of nitrogen rate and time of application. Journal of soil science and plant nutrition. 12. 389-410.
  25. Harper, L.A., Sharpe, R.R., Langdale, G.W., and Giddens, J. E. 1987. Nitrogen cycling in a wheat crop: soil, plant, and aerial nitrogen transport. Agronomy Journal. 79:965–973.
  26. Heffer, P., Gruère, A. and Roberts, T. 2017. Assessment of Fertilizer Useby Crop at the Global Level 2014-2015, International Fertilizer Association (IFA) and International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI).
  27. Keeney, D.R. 1982. Nitrogen management for maximum efficiency and minimum pollution. p. 605-649. In F.J. Stevenson (ed.) Nitrogen in agricultural soils. Agron. Monogr. N0.22. ASA, CSSA and SSSA, Madison, WI.
  28. Lal, R. 2006. Enhancing crop yields in the developing countries through restoration of the soil organic carbon pool in agricultural lands. Land Degradation and Development, 17:197-209.
  29. Lassaletta, L., Billen, G., Grizzetti, B., Anglade, J,. and Garnier, J. 2014. 50 year trends in nitrogen use efficiency of world cropping systems: the relationship between yield and nitrogen input to cropland. Environmental Research Letters 9: 105011.1-9
  30. Loeppert, R. H., and Sparks, D. L. 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. p. 437-474. In D.L. Sparks (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis, N0.5. Part 3. Chemical Methods, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin.
  31. Mishima, S. 2001. Recent trend of nitrogen flow associated with agricultural production in Japan. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 47: 157-166.
  32. Novoa, R., and Loomis, R.S. 1981. Nitrogen and plant production. Plant and Soil. 58: 177-204.
  33. Oelofse, M., Markussen, B., Knudsen, L., Schelde, K., Olesen, J. E., Jensen, L.S., and Bruun. S., 2015. Do soil organic carbon levels affect potential yields and nitrogen use efficiency? An analysis of winter wheat and spring barley field trials,  European Journal of Agronomy. 66:62-73.
  34. Olsen, S.R., and Sommers, L.E. 1982. Phosphorus. p. 403-430. In A.L. Page et al. (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2 Chemical and Biological Properties, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin.
  35. Omara, P., Aula, L., Oyebiyi, F., and Raun, W. R. 2019. World Cereal Nitrogen Use Efficiency Trends: Review and Current Knowledge. Agrosystems, Geosciences and Environment. 2:1-8.
  36. Pan, G., Smith, P., and Pan, W. 2009. The role of soil organic matter in maintaining the productivity and yield stability of cereals in China. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 129:344-348.
  37. Raun, W.R., and Johnson, G.V. 1999. Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production. Agron. J. 91:357-363.
  38. Raun, W.R., Johnson, G.V., Mullen, R. W., Freeman, K. W., Thomason, W. E., and Lukina, E. V.2002. Improving nitrogen use efficiency in cereal grain production with optical sensing and variable rate application. Agronomy Journal. 94:815–820
  39. Semenov, M. A., Jamieson, P. D., and Martre, P. 2007. Deconvoluting nitrogen use efficiency in wheat: Asimulation study. European Journal Agronomy. 26: 283-294.
  40. Sogbedji, J.M., van Es, H.M., Yang, C. L., Geohring, L.D., and Magdoff, F. R. 2000. Nitrate Leaching and Nitrogen Budget as Affected by Maize Nitrogen Rate and Soil Type. Journal of Environmental Quality. 29: 1813-1820
  41. Suzuki, A. 1997. Fertilization of rice in Japan. Japan FAO Association, Tokyo, Japan. 111 p.
  42. Walkley, A., and Black, I.A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci. 37(1), 29-38.
  43. Xie, W.X., Wang, G.H., Zhang, Q.C., and Guo, H.C. 2007. Effects of nitrogen fertilization strategies on nitrogen use efficiency in physiology, recovery, and agronomy and redistribution of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation in two typical rice cultivars in Zhejiang, China Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B 8: 208–216.
  44. Ye, Q., Zhang, H., Wei, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, B., Xia, K., Huo, Z., Dai, Q., and Xu, K. 2007. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice under different soil conditions. Frontiers of Agriculture in China. 1: 30-36
  45. Zhu, Z.L., and Wen, Q.X. 1992. Soil nitrogen in China. Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, Jiangsu. Pp. 228-231.
Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 33, Issue 4
March 2020
Pages 425-440

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics