Effects of Different Quantities of Di-Calcium –Phosphate on P Uptake, P-use Efficiency, and Growth of Different Wheat Genotypes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Scientific member of Dry land Institute

2 , Scientific member of Soil and Water Institute Tehran

3 Expert of soil science laboratory at Maragheh university

Abstract

Phosphorus changes into the Ca-P fractions in calcareous soils. The quantities of these P fractions increase in these soils by P fertilizer application. To determine P fractions in Maragheh area soils under different managements, sequential P extraction method was used. In this study, P uptake, P-use efficiency, and growth differences of various wheat genotypes were investigated by applying four levels of Di-calcium phosphate (0, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg soil) to ten wheat varieties and genotypes (ََSardari, Sbn/1-64-199, Azar2, Pf82200/Sardari, 5291 Karaj 98-99, Agosta/Safied, Fenkank/15/Safied, Anza/3/Pi//Nar/Hys/Sfied, 87Zhong291, Ghazagestan).  The experiment was conducted in glasshouse conditions using factorial arrangement in completely randomized block design (CRBD), with three replications. The results showed that P fractions in different soil management systems differed significantly. Ca-P fractions were higher in forage-wheat and chickpea-wheat compared to the other treatments of soil management techniques. With higher amounts of Di-calcium phosphate in the soils, shoot and root weight and phosphorus uptake of different wheat varieties and genotypes increased significantly. All genotypes differed significantly in shoot and root weight, P uptake, P shoot and root concentrations, and P-use efficiency by using different quantities of Ca-P fractions. Sardari and Rasad or Fenkang had the highest root weight and, proportionally, higher P concentration in shoot and root compared to the other wheat genotypes. Azar2, Sbn, and Agosta had greater phosphorus use efficiency i.e produced more shoot and leaf for every unit of absorbed P, leading to increased shoot weight. The results suggest that the amount of P fractions differ in different soil management systems. With increasing Ca-P fraction, P uptake and growths of wheat genotypes and varieties increased. It was found that the wheat genotypes with higher root growth/weight absorbed more P and had enhanced P-use efficiency. 

Keywords

References

  1. علی احیائی، م. و ع. ا. بهبهانی زاده.1372. شرح روشهای تجزیه خاک (جلد اول). مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، نشریه شماره 893..
  2. کریمیان، ن. ع. 1377. پیامدهای زیاده روی در مصرف کودهای شیمیایی فسفری. مجله خاک و آب. جلد 12، شماره 4.
  3. Ae, N., Arihara, J., Okada, K., Yoshihara, T. and Johansen, C. 1990. Phosphorus uptake by pigeon pea and its role in cropping system of the Indian Subcontinent. Science 248, 477-480
  4. Avnimelech, Y. 1980. Calcium-carbonate-phosphate surface complex in calcareous systems. Nature 288, 255-257.
  5. Barrow, N. J. 1973. Relationship between a soil ability to adsorb phosphate and the residual effectiveness of super phosphate. Australian Journal of Soil Research. 11. 57-63
  6. M. 1998. Phosphorus. In: soil guide. A Handbook for understanding and Managing Agricultural Soils, ed. Moore, G. Agriculture Western Australia Bulletin No 4343, pp.168-180.
  7. Fagria,N.K. and Baligar, V.C. 1999. Phosphorus-use efficiency in wheat genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition 22, 331-340.
  8. Föhse, D., Claassen, N. and Jungk, A. 1988. Phosphorus efficiency of plants. External and internal P requirement and P uptake efficiency of different plant species. Plant Soil 110, 101-109.
  9. Föhse, D., Claassen, N. and Jungk, A. 1991. Phosphorus efficiency of plants. II. Significance of root radius and cation-anion balance for phosphorus influx in seven plant species. Plant Soil 132, 261-272.
  10. Freeman, J.S. and Rowell, D.L. 1981. The adsorption and precipitation of phosphate onto calcite. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings 37, 847-850.
  11. Genstat 5 Committee (1987) Genstat 5 Reference Manual. 749. Oxford University Press, England
  12. Gourley, C.J.P., Allan, D.L. and Russell, M.P. 1993. Defining phosphorus efficiency in plants. Plant Soil 155/156, 29-37.
  13. Gourley, C.J.P., Allan, D.L. and Russell, M.P. 1994. Plant nutrient efficiency: A comparison of definitions and suggested improvement. Plant and Soil 158, 29-37.
  14. Graham,R.D. 1994. Breeding for nutritional characteristics in cereals: Advances in Plant Nutrition 1, 57-102.
  15. Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. pp. 549-561. Academic Press, Sydney.
  16. Osborne, L.D. Rengel. Z. 2002. Genotypic differences in wheat for uptake and utilization of P from Iron phosphate. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 53, 837-844.
  17. Parfitt, R.L. and Russell, J.D. 1977. Adsorption on hydrous oxides. IV. Mechanisms of adsorption of various ions on goethite. Journal of Soil Science 28, 297-307.
  18. Rayment, G.R. and Higginson, F.R. 1992. Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil Water Chemical Methods. Pp. 89-92. Inkata, Melbourne, Australia.
  19. Samadi, A. and Gilkes, R.J. 1998. Forms of phosphorus in virgin and fertilized calcareous soils of Western Australia. Australian Journal of Soil Research 36, 585-601
  20. Sattlemacher, B., Horst, W.J. and Becker, H.C. 1994. Factors that contribute to genetic variation for nutrient efficiency of crop plants. Zeitschift fÜr Pflanzenenahrung und Bodenkunde 157, 215-224
  21. Sposito, G. 1984. The Surface Chemistry of Soils. Oxford University Press, New York
  22. White, R.E. 1980. Retention and release of phosphate by soil and soil constituents. In: Soils and Agriculture, Tinker, P.B. pp. 71-114. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 25, Issue 1
June 2011
Pages 13-21

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics