Phosphorus Availability in a Soil Amended with Bone Meal

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Graduate Student, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. College of Agriculture. Soil Science Department

2 Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. College of Agriculture. Soil Science Department

3 Associate Professor, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. College of Agriculture. Soil Science Department

Abstract

Bone meal contains a large amount of phosphorus that could almost supply the phosphorus needs of crops. The main objective of this study was to determine the capability of bone meal for releasing phosphorus and its effect on growing corn. An experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications under laboratory and greenhouse conditions with 6 treatments including 400 and 800kg.ha-1 ordinary bone meal, 400 and
800kg.ha-1 acidulated bone meal, 200kg.ha-1 triple super phosphate, and control. The results demonstrated that in treatments with ordinary bone meal, phosphorus release had 30 days lag compared with triple super phosphate. Acidulation of bone meal caused faster and more release of phosphorus. The experiment also revealed that acidulated bone meal did not change the concentration of phosphorus in the shoot. However, shoot dry matter weight and phosphorus uptake by corn were significantly higher in acidulated vs ordinary  bone  meal.  But,  compared  to  the  chemical  fertilizer,  their differences were not statistically significant.

Keywords


  1. پناهی کرد لاغری، خ. ، رائول، د. 1383. بررسی تغییرات فسفر در خاکهای آهکی و آهکی- گچی. دومین کنفرانس ملی دانشجویی منابع آب و خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز.
  2. میر هادی، م.ج. 1380. ذرت. انتشارات سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی.
  3. Afif, E., A. Matar and J. Torrent. Availability of phosphate applied to calcareous soils of West Asia and North Africa. Soil Science Society of American Journal 57:756-760.
  4. Amerhein, C. and D.L. 1990. Procedure for determining sodium-calcium selectivity in calcareous and gypsiferous soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal 54:999-1007.
  5. Barker, A.V. 1999. Organic Farming and Gardening. University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Chapter 7.
  6. Beaton, J. 1985. Efficient fertilizer use – Fertilizer use … A historical perspective.
  7. Borggard, O.K., S.S. Jorgensen, J.P. Meberg and B. Raben-Lange. Influence of organic matter on phosphate adsorption by aluminum and iron oxides in sandy soils. Journal Soil Science 41:443-449.
  8. Bower, N.J. 1983. A mechanistic model for describing the sorption and desorption phosphate by soil. Journal of Soil Science 34:733-750.
  9. Chien, S.H., A. Leon and H.R. Tejeda. 1980. Dissolution of North Carolina phosphate rock in acid Colombian soils as related to soil properties. Soil Science Society of American Journal 44:1267-1271.
  10. Eghball, B., B. Wienhold, B.L. Woodbury. and R.A. Eigenberg. 2005. Plant availability of phosphorus in swine slurry and cattle feedlot manure. Agronomy journal. 97:542–548.
  11. Govere, E.M., S.H. Chien and R.H. 2004. Evaluation of dissolution of nonconconventional phosphate fertilizers in Zimbabwe soils: effect of soil properties. African Journal of Science and Technology 5:73-82.
  12. Halford, I.C.R and G.E.G. Mattingly. Phosphate sorption by jurassic oolitic i. limestones. Geoderma 13:257-264.
  13. Halford, I.C.R. and G.E.G. Mattingly. The high and low energy phosphate adsorbingsurface in calcareous soils. Journal Soil Science 26:407-417.
  14. Halford, I.C.R and J.R. Patrick. Effect of reduction and pH changes on phosphate sorption and mobility in an acid soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal 43:292-297.
  15. Havlin, J.L. and D.C. Westfall. 1984. Soil test phosphorus and solubility relationships in calcareous soils. Soil Science Society of American Journal 48:328-330.
  16. Hue, N.V., H. Ikawa and X. Huang. 1994. Predicting phosphorus requirements of some Hawaii Fact Sheet No:2. CTAHR.
  17. Inskeep, W.P. and J.C. Silvertooth. 1998. Inhibition of hydroxy apatite precipitation in the presence of fulvic, humic and tannic acids. Soil Science Society of American Journal 52:941-946.
  18. Liu, C. 2002. Better utilization of by-products from the meat industry. Department of Animal Science National Chung-Hsing University Taichung, Taiwan.
  19. Lombi, E., K.G. Scheckel, R.D. Armstrong, S. Forrester, J.N. Cutler and D. Paterson. 2006. Speciation and distribution of phosphorus in a fertilized Soil. Soil Science Society of American Journal. 70:2038-2048.
  20. Moreno, E.C, W.L Lindsay and G. Osborn. 1960. Reactions of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in soils. Soil Science 90:58-68.
  21. Nielsen, P.H. 1999-2000. Bone-, blood- and meat meal pr Version No:1.
  22. Oconner, G .A., K.L. Knudsten and G.A. Connell. 1986. Phosphprus solubility in sludge-amended calcareous soils. Journal Environmental Quality 15:308-312.
  23. Olsen, S.R., V. Cloe, F.S. Watnebe and A. Pean. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorous in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA, 939 USA.
  24. Panahi, M. 1997. The effect of gypsum on the sorption reaction of phosphate in some calcareous soils. D-Thesis. Reading University , UK.
  25. Phillips, A.B. and R. Webb. 1971. Production , marketing, and use of phosphorus fertilizers, Olson, R.A., Army, T.J., Hanway, J.J., and Kilmer, V.J., Fertilizer Technology and Use (2nd edition): 271-301. Madison, WI: Soil Science Society of America.
  26. Sadler, J. 1973. Influence of applied phosphorus on the nature and availability of inorganic phosphorus in a catenary sequence of Saskatchewan Ph.D. thesis, University of Saskatchewan.
  27. Samadi, A. and J. Gilkes. 1999. Phosphorus transformations and their relationships with calcareous soil properties of Southern Western Australia. Soil Science Society of American Journal 63:809-815.
  28. Tandon, H. 1993. Fertiliser Management in Food Crops. New Delhi. PP: 82-85.