The Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Growth, Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Wheat under Drought Stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Reserch Institute

2 Professor, Tarbiat Modarres University

3 Associate Professor, Tehran University Expert, Soil and Water Research Institute

Abstract

In a considerable proportion of the worlds’ arid and semiarid regions, as with the conditions that prevail in our country, wheat is produced under rainfed cultivation. In such area the plant depends on the natural precipitations as the source of its moisture supply and may suffer water stress and drought at any time. During drought periods, it is mostly the interuption in the absorption of nutrient particularly the less mobile elements such as phosphours, iron, zinc and copper that decrease the wheat yields.  Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the obligate symbiotic organisms that exist in the root systems of more than 80 percent of plant families. These fungi are of great values to the initial establishment and improve plant growth by providing water and nutrients especially under the conditions in which the hosts are stressed by environmental limitations. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in a factorial test arranged as a complete randomized design with four fungal treatments namely, Glomus mosseae from Canada, G mosseae and G. etunicatum obtained from Tabriz University and the non-fungal treatment (control). Three soil moisture levels of 22, 14 and 8% (w.v) with two soil types (sterilized and non-sterilized) and six replicates were used in the experiment to asses the mycorrhiza interactive effects on wheat nutrient uptake under drought conditions. The results indicated that the rate of nutrient uptake was significantly increased by increasing soil moisture contents (P<0.01). The fungal treatments on the sterilized soil resulted in a significant increase in the rate of phosphorus and zinc uptake (P<0.01) and increase of dry matter, yield and uptake of copper (P<0.05). Dry matter, yield and absorption of phosphorus and zinc also was increased in the non-sterilized soil (P<0.05), but the increase in the rate of copper absorption was not statistically significant. Similarly, the rates of nitrogen, potassium, iron and manganese uptake did not significantly increase in either the sterilized or nonsterilized soils. 

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 21, Issue 2
February 2008
Pages 241-259

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