Influence of Mycorrhization on the Mineral Nutrition and Yield of Tomato under Sodium Chloride and Salts Mixture Induced Salinity Levels

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MS student of Soil Science at Urmia Univ., Assoc. Prof. of Soil Science at Tabriz Univ., and Assist. Prof. of Soil Science at Urmia Univ., respectively

2 Assoc. Prof. of Soil Science at Tabriz Univ

3 Assist. Prof. of Soil Science at Urmia Univ., respectively.

Abstract

the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) on the nutrition of plants is not well understood under saline conditions. An experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with two factors of fungi in three levels, MO(without fungi), Mi(Glomus interaradices) and Mm(Glomus mosseae) and salinity in eight levels. Two kinds of salinity effects were tested including four levels (dS/m) of salts mixture (s1-s4), S1=1.2, S2=4, S3=6.5 and s4=8 and four levels of NaCl (S5-S8), S5=1.2, S6=4, S7=6.5 and s8=8 The seedlings were inoculated separately with two fungi species. After one month, the inoculated plants were transfered to pots containing four kg sterilized sand and salinity treatments were initiated gradually. The results showed significant increases in dry weight of shoot and root, potassium and phosphorous content of shoot, root colonization percent, fruit weight and K/Na in the shoot of mycorrhizal plants in comparison with non-mycorrhizal plants (P<0.05). although there were no significant differences between two species of fungi both fungi species (Mm and Mi) increased tomato yield (10% and16%) respectively (P<0.05). The effects of salinity were significant (P<0.001) for the measured   variables except for magnesium concentration of root. in comparable salinity levels, K/Na in shoot and Ca/Na in shoot and root were significantly (P<0.05) enhanced more by salt mixtures NaCl salinity. 

Keywords

References

  1. امامی، ع. 1375. روشهای تجزیه گیاه. وزارت کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، نشریه فنی شماره 982.
  2. علی اصغرزاده، ن. 1379. بررسی پراکنش و تراکم جمعیت قارچهای میکوریز آربوسکولار در خاکهای شور دشت تبریز و تعیین اثرات تلقیح آنها در بهبود تحمل پیاز و جو به تنش شوری. پایاننامه دکترا (D. )، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران.
  3. میرمحمدی میبدی، س و ب. قره یاضی. 1381. جنبه های فیزیولوژیک و بهنژادی تنش شوری گیاهان. مرکز نشر دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، شماره 78، اصفهان 274 صفحه.
  4. Abel, G. H. and A. J. Mackenzie. 1964. salt tolerance of soybean varieties (Glycine max Merril) during germination and later growth. Crop sci. 4:157 - 168.
  5. Aliasgharzadeh, N., N. Saleh Rastin, H. Towfighi and A. Alizadeh. 2001a. Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in saline soils of the Tabriz plain of Iran in relation to some physical and chemical properties of soil. Mycorrhiza 11:119-122 .
  6. Aliasgharzadeh, N., N. Saleh Rastin, H. Towfighi and A. Alizadeh. 2002. Effect of mycorrhization on yield and nutrient uptake by barley in saline condition. In: Transactions of the 17th Word Congress of Soil Science held at Queens Sirikit National Convention Center, 14-21 August 2002, Bangkok, Thailand.
  7. Aliasgharzadeh, N., N. Saleh Rastin, H. Towfighi, and A. Alizadeh. 2001b. Inoculation effect of four arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the mineral nutrition and yield of onion under salinity levels. In: Ramalho-Filho, A., and Eswaran, h.(eds). Land Degradation, New Trends Global Sustainability. Proceeding of a conference held at National Soil Research Center, 17-21 September 2001, Rio-de janeiro, b
  8. Aliasgharzadeh, N. and M. R. Esfandiari. 2004. Effects of dual inoculations of Sinorhizobium meliloti and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on growth of salt-stressed alfalfa. Proceeding of the 2004 CIGR International Conference, 11-14 October 2004, Beijing, China.
  9. Al-Karaki, G. N. 2000. Growth, water use efficiency, and mineral acquisition by tomato cultivars grown under salt stress. J. plant n 23:1-8
  10. Al-karaki, G. N. and b. clark. 1998. Growth, mineral acquisition, and water use by mycorrhizal wheat grown under water stress. J. plant nutr. 21:263-276
  11. Al-karaki, G. N. and R. Hammad. 2001. mycorrhiza influence on fruit yield and mineral content of tomato grown under salt stress. J. Plant Nutr. 24:1311-1323..
  12. Al-karaki, G. N., R. Hammad and M. Rusan. 2001. Response of two tomato cultivars differing in salt tolerance to inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi under salt stress. Mycorrhiza 11:43-47.
  13. 2002. Soilless culture of greenhouse vegetables. <<http://vric.Ucdavis. du/veginfo/topics/hydroponics/hydroponics.pdf>>.
  14. 1994. Land degradation in south Asia: Its severity, causes and effects upon the people. FAO. W.S.R.R. No. 78. Rome.
  15. Awad, A. , D. G. Edwards and L. C. Campbell. 1990. Phosphorus enhancement of salt tolerance of tomato. Crop Sci. 30:123-128.
  16. Baker, A., J. I. Sprent and L. Wilson. 1995. Effects of sodium chloride and mycorrhizal infection on the growth and nitrogen fixation of prosopis juliflora. Symbiosis 19:39-51.
  17. Ben-Gal, A. and U. Shani. 2002. Yield, transpiration and growth of tomatoes under combined excess boron and salinity stress. Plant Soil 247:211-221.
  18. Briccoli-Bati, C., R. Rinaldi., C. Tocci, T. Sirianni, N. Iannotta, S. Lavee and I. klein. 1994. Influence of salty water irrigation on mycorrhizae of young olive trees in containers. Second international symposium on olive growing, Jerusalem, Israel, 6-10 Sep. 1993. Acta Hortic. 356:218-220.
  19. Cerda, A., Bingham, F.T., and Hoffman, G.J. 1977. Interactive effect of salinity and phosphorus on sesame. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 41:915-918.
  20. Copeman, R. H., C. A. Martin and J. C. Stulz. 1996. Tomato growth in response to salinity and mycorrhiza fungi from saline or nonsaline soils. Hortscience 31:341-344.
  21. Flowers, T. j. and A. R. Yeo. 1995. breeding for salinity resistance in crop plants: where next? Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 22:875-884.
  22. Flowers, T. S., P. F. Torke and A. R. Yeo. 1977. The mechanism of salt tolerance in halophytes. Plant p 28:89-121.
  23. george, , v. romheld and h. marshner 1994. contribution of mycorrhizal fungi to micronutrients uptake by plants. In: j. a. manthey, d. e. Crowley and d.g. Luster (eds.) biochemistry of metal micronutrients in the rhizosphere. Lewis, boca, fla, pp.93-109
  24. Grattan, S. R. and C. M. Grieve. 1994. Mineral nutrient acquisition and response by plant grow in saline environments. pp. 203 -226 In: M. Pessarakli (ed.) Handbook of plant and crop s Marcel Dekker. New York.
  25. Jarstfer, A. C., P. F. koppenol and D. M. Sylvia. 1998. Tissue magnesium and calcium affect arbuscular mycorrhiza development and fungal reproduction. Mycorrhiza 7:237-242.
  26. hasegawa m., r. a. Bressan and a. k. Hanada. 1986. cellular mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Hortic. sci. 21:1317-1324.
  27. mor, R. P. and H. R. Manchanda. 1992. influence of phosphorus on the tolerance of table pea to chloride and sulfate salinity in a sandy Arid land res. Rehab. 6:41-52.
  28. Ojala, J. C. and W.M. Jarrell. 1980. Hydroponic sand culture systems for mycorrhizal research. Plant Soil 57:297-303.
  29. Page, L. A. 1982. Methods of soil a Part 2 chemical and microbiologic properties. Second edition. Madisons, Wisconsin, USA.
  30. Pfeiffer, C. M. and H. E. Bloss. 1987. Growth and nutrition of guayule (Parthenium argentatum) in a saline soil as influenced by vesicular – arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphorus fertilization. New phytol. 108:315-321.
  31. Poss, J.A., E. Pond, J.A. Menge and W.M. Jarrell. 1985. Effect of salinity on mycorrhizal onion and tomato in soil with and without additional phosphate. Plant soil 88:307-319.
  32. Roberts, J. K. M., C. S. Linker, A. G. Benit, O. Jardetzky and R. H. Nieman. 1984. Salt stimulation of phosphate uptake in maize root tips studied by 31p nuclear magnetic response. Plant p 75:947-950.
  33. Ruiza-lozano, J. M., R. Azcon and M. Gomez. 1996. Alleviation of salt stress by arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus species in lactuca sativa Physiol. plant. 98:767-772.
  34. Wyn Jones, R. G. and J. g 1983. Osmoregulation. pp. 35 -58 In: Lange O. L., Nobel P. S., Osmond C.B., Ziegler H. (eds.) Physiological plant ecology. III. Responses to chemical and biological environments. Springer-Verlag. new york..

 

Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 20, Issue 1
May 2006
Pages 89-100

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics