Response of Safflower Cultivars to Different Levels of Phosphorus in Warm Regions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

2 Leila Rezakhani, Researcher, Soil and Water Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran

3 Kamran Mirzashahi, Assistant Professor, Dezful Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center; AREEO, Dezful, Iran

4 Hormozd Naghavi, Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Kerman Province; AREEO, Kerman, Iran

5 Associate Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Fars Province; AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

6 Mojtaba Yahyaabadi, Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Isfahan Province; AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

In order to investigate the response of safflower cultivars to different levels of soil P for its optimum use, this study was carried out in Darab, Isfahan, Dezful, and Kerman regions as a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design in three replications in two cropping seasons (2015-2016). The first factor was cultivar (Padideh and Goldasht cultivars for Isfahan and Darab and Goldasht and Soffe for Kerman and Dezful) and the second factor was different rates of triple super phosphate (TSP) including zero, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg.ha-1. The soil available phosphorus in Isfahan was 10.2, Darab 11, Kerman 7 and Dezful 7.18 mg kg-1. Based on the results, the effect of cultivar on safflower seed yield in Isfahan and Dezful was significant (p<0.01) and (p<0.05), respectively, but in Darab and Kerman, the difference between the two cultivars was not significant. The effect of TSP rate on grain yield in all four regions was significant (p<0.01).  The interaction effect effects of cultivar-phosphorus on the grain yield was significant only in Isfahan region (p<0.05). In Isfahan and Dezful, the highest yield was obtained from the Goldasht at the rate of 50 kg.ha-1, significantly different than the control. In Kerman, the highest seed yield was obtained from Goldasht and at 150 kg ha-1 TSP, significantly different than other treatments. With the application of TSP in Darab, Dezful and Isfahan, 20%, 78%, and 28%, increase in grain yield was observed compared to the control, respectively. The best benefit-to-cost ratio in Darab and Kerman regions was obtained from Goldasht for 100 and 150 kg.ha-1 TSP, respectively, while in Dezful and Isfahan it was obtained for 150 kg ha-1 TSP in Soffeh and Padideh, respectively. In general, for safflower in warm regions with soil available P of 10 mg kg-1, 50 kg.ha-1 TSP and for areas with soil available P of 7 mg.kg-1, 150 kg ha-1 TSP can be recommended.

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References

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Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 36, Issue 3
December 2022
Pages 243-257

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