Investigating the effect of using zeolite and nano fertilizer on the yield and antioxidant properties of peppermint essential oil under different Deficit Irrigation Treatments

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Agronomy, Male.C, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran.

Abstract

In this study, The effect of water deficit stress and the use of zeolite combined with nano fertilizer on various characteristics of the medicinal plant peppermint on various characteristics of the medicinal plant peppermint, including essential oil percentage, essential oil yield, and antioxidant properties was investigated. The treatments included irrigation levels (irrigation after 70, 100, 130, and 160 mm of evaporation from Class A pan) in the main plots and zeolite and nano fertilizer treatments in the subplots. Zeolites were treated with complete nano fertilizer before planting and after air drying, they were mixed with the soil to a depth of 30 cm at a rate of 400 kg/ha. The experiment was conducted in two crop years 2022-2023 in a split plot format. The results showed that the water deficit stress treatment after 100 mm of evaporation from the pan caused a significant increase in the percentage of essential oil by 26.6% compared to the control while severe water deficit (after 160 mm of evaporation) had a negative effect on essential oil yield. The highest percentage of essential oil (24.2%) was observed in the combined treatment of zeolite + nano fertilizer, which was 46% higher than the control. In addition, the application of zeolite and nano fertilizer, especially in combination, significantly increased the yield of essential oil. The highest yield of essential oil (25.22 mL/m2) was recorded in the treatment of (irrigation after 100 mm of evaporation + zeolite + nano fertilizer), which was 26.6% higher than the control. Also, water deficit stress increased antioxidant compounds such as ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, especially in combination with zeolite and nano fertilizer. The combination of zeolite and nano fertilizer under water stress conditions not only increased phenolic and flavonoid compounds, but also significantly improved the antioxidant properties of the essential oil. In particular, under severe water stress, the combination of zeolite and nano fertilizer reduced the amount of malondialdehyde, which was a sign of reduced cell damage. Therefore, the statistical results show that the use of zeolite and nano fertilizer along with appropriate irrigation management can effectively increase the production of essential oil and improve the antioxidant properties of peppermint, especially under water stress conditions.

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References

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Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 39, Issue 2
September 2025
Pages 221-234

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