Development and Evaluation of New Soil Stabilization Technologies to Reduce Runoff and Erosion and Stabilize Drainage Canal Sidewall and Steep Lands in Khuzestan

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, AREEO

2 PhD, Khozestan Agricultural Research, Education, and Natural Resources Center, AREEO

3 PhD, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, AREEO

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to develop a suitable technology for soil retention and stability, and to evaluate its efficiency in the laboratory and field. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of inductive methods on runoff, reduction of sediment yield, and introducing the most suitable method for the lateral stability of irrigation and drainage channels and erosion reduction in the Khuzestan area. In this research, using different methods of soil stabilization and study of runoff changes and erosion resistance of the sidewall of drainage channels and natural areas were done in laboratory and field, using rain simulator. Various stabilizers were used at different concentration levels. At least 340 experiments (with 15 additive modifiers) were conducted on soil samples of the study area, the effect of the methods used was analyzed, and different characteristics were measured. In laboratory studies, for all experiments, 25 kg of soil samples were placed in metal baskets and compressed manually by applying the compression necessary to reach the bulk density of the soil in nature. Experimental treatments were simulated in flumes with 1:1.25 side slopes, similar to the side slopes of drains, at 30, 50 and 80 mm/hr rain (duration of up to 30 minutes). Then, supplementary tests were done in the field. The results showed that all of the stabilization treatments had a significant effect on sediment yield compared with the control sample and confirmed that improvers can play an effective role in controlling erosion of sidewalls of the drainage channels. This study showed that stabilizers reduced sediment up to 90%. Two types of modifiers (Pc and LP) had the greatest effect on reducing the erosion rate from the walls of drainage channels. It was also found that increasing the concentration of stabilizers used in all densities had a significant effect on the reduction of the amount of sediment output. The results indicated that the additives used, completely prevented loss of soil and increased runoff compared to control treatment. The most important advantage of using polypropylene fibers is to increase the soil's stability and prevent sidewall collapse. After using this combination, the erosion-free soil was exposed to more than six times the maximum rainfall duration (up to three hours), and maintained its stability. It was concluded that due to its low cost and ease-of-use, this technique has a good chance for fixing the slopes of fine-grained soil with steep slopes.

Keywords

References

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Iranian Journal of Soil Research
Volume 32, Issue 3
November 2018
Pages 343-359

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