بررسی تأثیر کاربرد زئولیت و کود نانو بر عملکرد و خصوصیات آنتی اکسیدانی اسانس نعناع فلفلی درتیمارهای مختلف کم آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه زراعت، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان، ایران.

چکیده

در این تحقیق، تأثیر تنش کم‌آبی و استفاده از زئولیت همراه با کود نانو بر ویژگی‌های مختلف گیاه دارویی نعناع فلفلی، از جمله درصد اسانس، عملکرد اسانس و خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی بررسی شد. تیمار ها شامل مقدار آبیاری (آبیاری پس از 70، 100، 130 و 160 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) که در کرت های اصلی و تیمار زئولیت و کود نانو بود که در کرت های فرعی قرار داشت. زئولیت ها قبل از کاشت با کود نانو کامل تیمار شد و پس از هوا خشک نمودن به مقدار 400 کیلوگرم در هکتار با خاک محل آزمایش تا عمق 30 سانتی متر مخلوط گردید. آزمایش در دو سال زراعی 1402-1401 به صورت اسپلیت پلات اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار تنش کم‌آبی پس از 100 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک در مقایسه با شاهد به میزان 26/6 درصد موجب افزایش معنی‌دار درصد اسانس شد، در حالی که کم‌آبی شدید (پس از 160 میلی‌متر تبخیر) تأثیر منفی بر عملکرد اسانس داشت. بیشترین مقدار اسانس (24/2%) در تیمار ترکیبی زئولیت + کود نانو مشاهده شد که 46% بیشتر از شاهد بود. علاوه بر این، کاربرد زئولیت و کود نانو به‌ویژه به صورت توام، عملکرد اسانس را به‌طور چشمگیری افزایش داد. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس (25/22 میلی‌لیتر در مترمربع) در تیمار(آبیاری پس از100 میلی‌متر تبخیر + زئولیت + کود نانو ) ثبت شد که 26/6% بیشتر از شاهد بود. همچنین، تنش کم‌آبی باعث افزایش ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی مانند آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز شد، به‌ویژه در ترکیب با تیمارهای با زئولیت و کود نانو. ترکیب زئولیت و کود نانو در شرایط کم‌آبی نه تنها باعث افزایش ترکیبات فنلی و فلاونوئیدی شد، بلکه ویژگی‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی اسانس را نیز به طور قابل‌ توجهی بهبود بخشید. به‌ویژه در شرایط کم‌آبی شدید، ترکیب زئولیت و کود نانو موجب کاهش میزان مالون دی آلدهید که نشانه‌ای از کاهش آسیب‌های سلولی بود، گردید. بنابراین نتایج آماری نشان می دهد که استفاده از زئولیت و کود نانو در کنار مدیریت مناسب آبیاری می‌تواند به‌طور مؤثری موجب افزایش تولید اسانس و بهبود ویژگی‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی گیاه نعناع فلفلی، به ویژه در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of using zeolite and nano fertilizer on the yield and antioxidant properties of peppermint essential oil under different Deficit Irrigation Treatments

نویسنده [English]

  • elnaz farajzadeh memari tabrizi
Department of Agronomy, Male.C, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this study, The effect of water deficit stress and the use of zeolite combined with nano fertilizer on various characteristics of the medicinal plant peppermint on various characteristics of the medicinal plant peppermint, including essential oil percentage, essential oil yield, and antioxidant properties was investigated. The treatments included irrigation levels (irrigation after 70, 100, 130, and 160 mm of evaporation from Class A pan) in the main plots and zeolite and nano fertilizer treatments in the subplots. Zeolites were treated with complete nano fertilizer before planting and after air drying, they were mixed with the soil to a depth of 30 cm at a rate of 400 kg/ha. The experiment was conducted in two crop years 2022-2023 in a split plot format. The results showed that the water deficit stress treatment after 100 mm of evaporation from the pan caused a significant increase in the percentage of essential oil by 26.6% compared to the control while severe water deficit (after 160 mm of evaporation) had a negative effect on essential oil yield. The highest percentage of essential oil (24.2%) was observed in the combined treatment of zeolite + nano fertilizer, which was 46% higher than the control. In addition, the application of zeolite and nano fertilizer, especially in combination, significantly increased the yield of essential oil. The highest yield of essential oil (25.22 mL/m2) was recorded in the treatment of (irrigation after 100 mm of evaporation + zeolite + nano fertilizer), which was 26.6% higher than the control. Also, water deficit stress increased antioxidant compounds such as ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase, especially in combination with zeolite and nano fertilizer. The combination of zeolite and nano fertilizer under water stress conditions not only increased phenolic and flavonoid compounds, but also significantly improved the antioxidant properties of the essential oil. In particular, under severe water stress, the combination of zeolite and nano fertilizer reduced the amount of malondialdehyde, which was a sign of reduced cell damage. Therefore, the statistical results show that the use of zeolite and nano fertilizer along with appropriate irrigation management can effectively increase the production of essential oil and improve the antioxidant properties of peppermint, especially under water stress conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water stress
  • Medicinal plant
  • Adsorbent

مراجع

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 39، شماره 2
شهریور 1404
صفحه 221-234

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