شاخص‌های پسماند همدماهای جذب- واجذب پتاسیم در برخی خاک‌های آذربایجان شرقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

تثبیت پتاسیم در خاک منجر به پدیده پسماند در همدماهای جذب-واجذب پتاسیم می­شود. لذا، با محاسبه شاخص­های کمی این پدیده می­توان شاخصی که بیشترین همبستگی را با میزان تثبیت پتاسیم نشان می­دهد، به­عنوان مناسبترین شاخص معرفی کرد. بدین منظور، 12 نمونه خاک با کانی‌شناسی رس مختلف از دشت تبریز و اطراف مرند جمع‌آوری گردید. سپس میزان تثبیت پتاسیم با استفاده از غلظت‌های 250 و 2500 میلی‌گرم پتاسیم بر کیلوگرم خاک مورد اندازه‌گیری قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌های مربوط به همدمای جذب با اعمال 10 غلظت‌ اولیه 5 تا 250 میلی‌گرم پتاسیم بر لیتر انجام گرفت و همدمای جذب پتاسیم به‌دست ‌آمد. واجذب پتاسیم در غلظت اولیه 250 میلی‌گرم پتاسیم بر لیتر با استفاده از محلول زمینه (01/0 مولار کلرید کلسیم) و طی 10 مرحله انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که میزان تثبیت پتاسیم با افزایش غلظت پتاسیم عصاره اشباع و میزان پتاسیم تبادلی خاک­ها به شدت کاهش یافت. معادله فروندلیچ برازش خیلی خوبی را به هر دو شاخه جذب و واجذب همدما­ها نشان داد. شاخص‌های مختلف پسماند همبستگی­های معنی­داری را با مقادیر درصد تثبیت پتاسیم به ازاء یک درصد رس نشان دادند. همچنین، با کنار گذاشتن خاک­های با مقادیر بزرگ شاخص پسماند، همبستگی­های معنی­داری بین مقادیر شاخص‌های پسماند و درصد تثبیت پتاسیم حاصل شد. بیشترین همبستگی با استفاده از شاخص بر مبنای توانβ معادله فروندلیچ به­دست آمد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hysteresis Indices of Potassium Sorption-Desorption Isotherms in Some Soils of East Azarbaijan Province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Khedri 1
  • S. Oustan 2
  • A. Reyhanitabar 2
چکیده [English]

Potassium (K) fixation in soils creates hysteresis phenomenon between sorption and desorption branches of the isotherm. Therefore, the hysteresis index having highest correlation with K fixation might be introduced as the most proper index for this phenomenon. For this purpose, 12 soil samples with different clay mineralogy were selected from around Dasht-e-Tabriz and Marand regions. At first, K fixation of the soils was measured by addition of 250 and 2500 mg K/kg soil. Then, K sorption isotherms at 10 initial concentrations (5-250 mg K/L) and K desorption isotherms from the point corresponding to an initial concentration of 250 mg K/L were obtained using background solution (0.01 M CaCl2) in 10 desorption cycles. The results showed that the amount of K fixation sharply decreased with increasing the saturation extract K concentration as well as the exchangeable K content. Moreover, the data obtained from both sorption and desorption branches were best fitted to the Freundlich equation. All hysteresis indices showed significant correlations with percentage of K fixed per one percent of clay. Aside from soils with high hysteresis indices, significant correlations were found between values of hysteresis indices and percentages of K fixed. The highest correlation was observed for the hysteresis index based on β exponent of the Freundlich equation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clay mineralogy
  • Clay percentage
  • Freunlich equation
  • Potassium fixation

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 30، شماره 4
اسفند 1395
صفحه 427-442

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