اثرکوتاه مدت کاربرد بیوچار لجن فاضلاب برقابلیت استفاده و جزءبندی سرب در خاک آهکی آلوده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی‌ دکتری‌ گروه علوم ‌خاک، دانشگاه ‌شهرکرد

2 استاد گروه‌ علوم ‌خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

3 دانشیار گروه ‌علوم ‌خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد

چکیده

اخیراً برای کاهش سمیت فلزات سنگین، استفاده از بیوچارها به دلیل پایداری بیشتر نسبت به ماده اولیه آن، مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. مدیریت لجن فاضلاب به عنوان یک ماده آلی مؤثر در کشاورزی و همچنین حاوی مواد آلاینده از جمله فلزات سنگین، یکی از چالش­های محققین در این زمینه است. تبدیل لجن فاضلاب به بیوچار یکی از روش­هایی است که می­تواند این ماده را به محصولی مفید در کشاورزی تبدیل کند. فلزات سنگین به شکل­های مختلف در لجن فاضلاب وجود دارد که تا حد زیادی قابلیت زیست­فراهمی آن­ها را تعیین می­کند. تبدیل آن به بیوچار می­تواند زیست فراهمی فلزات سنگین را تغییر دهد. هدف از این مطالعه، مقایسه اثر لجن فاضلاب و بیوچارهای[H1]  آن بر قابلیت استفاده و جزء­بندی سرب در خاک آهکی آلوده (افزودن100 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب محلول به خاک و دو هفته انکوباسیون) بود. این پژوهش به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد.[H2]  بعد از یک هفته انکوباسیون قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی، اسیدیته، سرب محلول و قابل استفاده، همچنین اجزا سرب با روش تسیر در تیمارها مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسی نشان داد که قابلیت هدایت الکتریکی خاک در همه تیمارها نسبت به شاهد افزایش داشت. اسیدیته در تیمار لجن فاضلاب، کاهش (3/1تا5/5 درصد) و در تیمار بیوچارها در هر دو دما [H3] افزایش یافت. بیشترین افزایش در تیمار 4% بیوچار 600 (97/5 %) مشاهده شد. مقدار کل سرب در همه تیمارها افزایش، غلظت سرب قابل استفاده در تیمار لجن فاضلاب افزایش (2/8 %در تیمار 4%) و در تیمار بیوچارها کاهش (6/7 % در تیمار 4%بیوچار 600) یافت. کاربرد بیوچار در مقایسه با لجن فاضلاب باعث تغییر در جزءبندی سرب از حالت زیست فراهم به شکل­های پایدارتر شد. بیشترین افزایش مقدار سرب نسبت به شاهد در جزء پیوند شده با ماده آلی (36/43% تا 4/80 %) مشاهده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بیوچارها به دلیل افزایش اسیدیته، افزایش سطح ویژه یا تغییر در گروه­های عاملی سطحی باعث توزیع مجدد جزبندی و کاهش قابلیت استفاده سرب در خاک شوند.



 [H1]توضیح دهید در چه حرارت هایی تهیه شد.




 [H2]تیمارها را بنویسید




 [H3]کدام دما ها؟

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Short-Term Effect of Sewage Sludge Biochar on Availability and Fractionation of Pb in a Contaminated Calcareous Soil

نویسندگان [English]

  • فروغ khaefi 1
  • Alireza Hosseinpur 2
  • Hamidreza Motaghian 3
1 PhD Student, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University
2 Professor, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University
3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University
چکیده [English]

Conversion of sewage sludge (SL) to biochar is one of the methods that can convert this material into a useful product in agriculture. Heavy metals are present in various forms in SL, which largely determine their bioavailability. Converting SL to biochar can alter the bioavailability of heavy metals. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of SL and its biochar on the availability and fractionation of lead (Pb) in a contaminated calcareous soil (100 mg.kg-1 pb as solution added to soil and incubate for 2 weeks).  This research was performed as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications[H1] . After one week of incubation, EC and pH, soluble and available Pb, as well as Pb fractionations in the soil samples were studied by the Tessier method. The results showed that the EC of the soil increased in all treatments compared to the control. pH decreased in SL treatment (1.3% to 5.5%) and increased in biochar treatment at both temperatures[H2] . The highest increase was observed in the treatment of 4% B600 (5.97%). The total amount of Pb increased in all treatments, the available Pb in SL treatment increased (8.2% in 4% treatment) and decreased in biochars treatment (7.6% in 4% B600 treatment). Application of biochar compared to SL changed the fractionation of Pb from the bioavailability to more stable forms. The highest increase in Pb content compared to the control was bonded to the organic matter fraction (43.4% to 80.4%). The results of this research showed that, due to increased pH, specific surface area, or change in surface functional groups, biochar can re-distribute Pb fractions and reduce Pb availability in soil.



 [H1]تیمارها را بنویسید.




 [H2]این دو درجه حرارت را بنویسید.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioavailability
  • Heavy metals
  • Organic material
  • Pyrolysis temperature

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 34، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 501-513

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